主题：翡翠.你是一种什么东西? -- 夏亚
家园 给点建议 好像感兴趣的人不多啊！
不知道楼主到过云南没有？要做翡翠建议到云南看看！
给个链接，可以看看：www.giyn.net
家园 翡翠的生意，用英语来做 国内的翡翠，想走向世界，就必须用英语，这些是我的一个计划。
In mineralogy, jade (from Spanish term piedra de ijada (first recorded in 1565) or 'loin stone'), from its reputed efficacy in curing ailments of the loins and kidneys.
Nephrite and jadeite (two kinds of Jade) were used by people from the prehistoric for similar purposes. Jade is tough. It is beautifully coloured and can be delicately shaped. Thus it was not until the 19th century that a French mineralogist determined that "jade" was in fact two different materials. The trade name jadite is sometimes applied to translucent or opaque green glass.
Jade is any of the carved-jade objects produced in China from the Neolithic Period (c. 3000–1500 BC) onward. The Chinese regarded carved-jade objects as intrinsically valuable, and they metaphorically equated jade with human virtues because of its hardness, durability, and (moral) beauty.
In China, A more accurate translation for this character on its own would be 'precious/ornamental rock'. It is seldom, if ever, used on its own to denote 'true' jade in Chinese; for example, one would normally refer to 'ying yu' (硬玉, 'hard jade') for jadeite, or 'ruan yu' (軟玉, 'soft jade') for nephrite. The Chinese names for many ornamental non-jade rocks also incorporate the character 'yù', and it is widely understood by native speakers that such stones are not, in fact, true precious nephrite or jadeite. Even so, for commercial reasons, the names of such stones may well still be translated into English as 'jade', and this practice continues to confuse the unwary.
Chinese people believe the original power source material could be store in Jade.
Material composition of the universe is, this is the basis of the original power generated.
Take the Jade, you can touch the universe power to fix the mind and body unwell.
Generally speaking, as long as they are substances that may arise on the original edge. Force, like air, like the siege around us.
Jade can supply the basic Qi or force to help us.
When the after life, especially after the sense of the original edge can be used by biology through the Jade. In some old Tao book, we can read how to use the original, and can clearly see the way the original use of force from jade.
家园 翡翠的力量 希望大家能看明白我的忽悠
The Power of Jade
Jade is the second most important material after bronze in the history of Chinese culture, and the belief in its magical powers is evident in Chinese mythology, religion, philosophy, folklore and social life.
Protection
It is believed that Jade can protect one from evil and bring good luck. People have been said to escape accidents because they had a piece of Jade on them. In some of these cases, the Jade piece broke, leaving the person unharmed.
Healing
Jade is frequently used in Chinese alchemy and medicine. The Chinese believe Jade has the ability to confer immortality, eradicate shortness of breath and thirst, as well as improve the health of the heart, kidneys, lungs and throat. Some people believe that scars on the face and body can be removed if constantly rubbed with a piece of white Jade.
Comforter to the Dead
Jade articles have been used by both the living and the dead. "The living wear Jade as a symbol of their mortal integrity, and Jade accompanies the deceased to comfort their souls". Sacrificial utensils made of Jade were used for offerings to ancestors and in ceremonial respect to the gods of heaven and earth.
Jewelry
Jade is a favorite material used for jewelry such as necklaces, rings, earrings, bracelets, combs and hairpins, and is also often set in walking sticks, caps and sashes
Practical Use
Jade has also been used to make practical items such as brush holders, water cups, armrests and brush washers.
Symbol of Nobility
Jade was frequently worn by the nobility as a sign of their office and authority in early times, Jade axes and spades were carried by the nobility, and these later evolved into Gui - an elegant Jade tablet. The Emperor would also dispatch an official with a Jade "tablet of authority" to proclaim the task assigned to him.
The other early historic/ dynasty in the other area:
Prehistoric and Early Historic Korea
Korean National Treasure No. 191, a gold crown with comma-shaped jades, was excavated from the Heavenly Horse Tomb of Silla and dates to the 5th century AD.The use of jade and other greenstone was a long-term tradition in Korea (c. 850 BC – AD 668). Jade is found in small numbers of pit-houses and burials. The craft production of small comma-shaped and tubular 'jades' using materials such as jade, microcline, jasper, etc in southern Korea originates from the Middle Mumun Pottery Period (c. 850–550 BC). Comma-shaped jades are found on some of the gold crowns of Silla royalty (c. AD 300/400–668) and sumptuous elite burials of the Korean Three Kingdoms. After the state of Silla united the Korean Peninsula in AD 668, the widespread popularisation of death rituals related to Buddhism resulted in the decline of the use of jade in burials as prestige mortuary goods.
Māori
Nephrite jade in New Zealand is known as pounamu in the Māori language, playing an important role in Māori culture. It is considered a taonga, or treasure, and therefore protected under the Treaty of Waitangi, and the exploitation of it is restricted and closely monitored. It is found only in the South Island of New Zealand, known as Te Wai Pounamu in Māori — "The [land of] Greenstone Water", or Te Wahi Pounamu — "The Place of Greenstone".
Tools, weapons and ornaments were made of it; in particular adzes, the 'mere' (short club), and the Hei-tiki (neck pendant). These were believed to have their own mana, handed down as valuable heirlooms, and often given as gifts to seal important agreements.
One name used for nephrite jade in New Zealand English is "greenstone." While widely used to describe the material used for jewellery items made for the tourist trade, it is a misnomer and simply engenders confusion. The stone should be correctly referred to as "nephrite" or "nephrite jade". Nephrite jewellery of Maori design is widely popular with locals and tourists, although some of the jade used for these is now imported from British Columbia and elsewhere.
Mesoamerica
Jadeite Pectoral from the Mayan Classic period. (195mm high)
Jade pendant, found in a tomb in Tikal, Guatemala
Jade was a rare and valued material in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. The only source from which the various indigenous cultures, such as the Olmec and Maya, for example, could obtain jade was located in the Motagua River valley in Guatemala. Jade was largely an elite good, and was usually carved in a variety ways, whether serving as a medium upon which hieroglyphs were inscribed, or shaped into symbolic figurines. Generally, the material was highly symbolic, and it was often employed in the performance of ideological practices and rituals.
Today, Guatemala produces jadeite in a variety of colours, ranging from soft translucent lilac, blue, green, yellow, and black. It is also the source of new colours, including "rainbow jade" and the unique "Galactic Gold," a black jadeite with natural incrustations of gold, silver and platinum.
Prehistoric and Historic India
Jain Temple at Kolanpak or Kolanupaka, 80 KM from Hyderabad, State Capitol of Andhra Pradesh on the route to Warangal : has a 2,000-year-old Jain temple of Mahavira which is a famous place of worship for Jains in the country. The temple is embellished with beautiful images of Tirthankaras. The temple has more than 5 ft high image of Mahavira is carved entirely out of jade (Largest single Jade rock sculpture in the world)
- 复 翡翠的力量
家园 为什么说翡翠珍贵 翡翠的摩氏硬度在6.5—7之间,属于硬玉。翡翠因含有不同的染色离子而呈现各种颜色：通常有白、红、绿、紫、黄、粉等。纯净无杂质者为白色，若含有铬元素，则呈现出柔润艳丽的淡绿、深绿色，名之为翠。此品种最为名贵，极受人们的珍视喜爱。若含锰则呈现淡紫色、深紫色，常称为春地或藕粉地。含铁元素，则呈现暗红、褐红、赭红色，被人们称为翡。含铬和铜元素，则呈现淡蓝、淡青色，人称橄榄水。
高档翡翠除颜色好之外，质地也极其重要。通常翡翠呈现玻璃光泽，半透明或透明。一般颜色鲜嫩漂亮、质地较透明、玻璃光泽强者为上品；相反，质地发干，透明度较差的品种次之。
翡翠的价值和钻石的价值相差很大，钻石属于无色宝石，而在宝石的世界里，还有更为丰富多彩的有色宝石，其中最为常见又贵重的莫过于翡翠了。近年来，长期和“贵妇人”形象联系在一起的翡翠饰品开始捕捉年轻人的目光，年轻化的翡翠饰品越来越多，翠绿欲滴的色彩也散发出初夏的气息，越来越受到年轻一代的喜爱。
据了解，翡翠是玉石王国中最为珍贵的玉石材料，有“玉石之冠”、“玉石之王”的美誉。古人认为佩之能避邪气，可当护身符贴身佩戴。国际宝石界把翡翠定为“五月生辰石“，象征幸福、幸运和长久。所以，其实如果懂得欣赏，用翡翠来作为两人爱情的见证，有着更深远隽永的意义。但是，要选择自己喜爱的款式不难，避免买翡翠时上当才是首要大事。所以，懂得翡翠的分类和鉴别方法，才能拥有心仪的妙品。
关于鉴赏翡翠的学问很深，与有着严格等级划分的钻石相比，翡翠一直以来无法有统一的标准对其进行系统的分级，这是导致如今翡翠的消费市场小于钻石的一个重要原因。许多消费者都喜欢翡翠，但因为自己不懂得怎么挑选，怕吃亏上当，所以都不敢轻易购买。
不同于其他的宝石，翡翠的独一无二性单在其“出生地”这一点上就显得淋漓尽致：全世界的翡翠几乎100%产自一个地方，就是我们的邻国——缅甸，产地的唯一性正是翡翠珍贵稀少并且增值速度远超钻石的原因。中国是全世界翡翠最大的消费市场，对翡翠的情有独钟从翡翠的造型和中国传统文化的紧密结合上可见一斑，每一件翡翠的设计都蕴涵了中国文化的精神在里面。
专业人士介绍，翡翠虽然也有权威证书来证明其是天然的还是人工处理的，但仅此远远不足以判断其价值。要判断一件翡翠的价值，不能完全依靠仪器，主要还是要靠肉眼和经验，而这又是普通消费者所无法做到的。接下来的几期里，我们将分别从它的形成、加工工艺、评价鉴赏翡翠的术语、成品品种、选购中的鉴定与评估以及保养等多个方面来一一为读者朋友带来精彩的翡翠鉴赏知识。
虽然只有260年的历史，翡翠被称为“玉石之王”还是从清朝乾隆年间开始。大学士纪晓岚曾在《阅微草堂笔记》有过这样一段记录：“记余幼时，云南翠玉，当时不以玉视之，今则以为珍玩，价远出真玉上矣。 ”而他提到的“以为珍玩”的云南翠玉，其代表就是当年盛极一时的马家玉，即今天的“传世翡翠” 。
传说当年云贵总督曾给乾隆皇帝进贡过一件马家玉，爱翠成痴的乾隆当即将其当做珍宝，并指定马氏家族为皇家翡翠供应商。从此，马家玉成为了上至宫廷、下至平民喜爱的珍品，若得一件马家玉，必“传世”后代。
这是河里一位大大写的翡翠
http://www.ccthere.com/article/1596719
今天我就先整理到这里，我准备进入这个行业，所以先了解高人的想法，再去思考我自己的方式.
- 复 为什么说翡翠珍贵
家园 增值速度远超钻石的真正原因是中国人有钱了 毕竟这是现在只有中国人（中国文化圈）喜欢的东西。中国人有钱了以后，这类东西迅速增值。
产地的唯一性不是迅速增值的完全条件。很多宝石产地都是唯一的，价格又便宜的，也有贵的。关键还是喜欢这类宝石的人群是否有钱。
随着价格越炒越高，慢慢的其他文化圈的人会重视的。至少珠宝商会很重视。再加上一些添加神秘色彩的宣传，外面的市场会逐渐培养起来的。
家园 太容易出假货了 成份太简单了所以容易出假货,也容易修补暇疵.
这个基本上就是被港商带动影响的,即使在满清时,翡翠也没这么高的地位.
- 复 太容易出假货了
家园 晶型太简单吧？ 应该不是很难模仿的。毕竟形成条件不是这么苛刻的。水热合成似乎就好。价格足够高了，就肯定有实验室去做了。
钻石还能维持目前的地位，一个重要原因就是还无法完全模仿。合成钻石的晶型略有区别，可以用仪器分辨。
- 复 晶型太简单吧？
家园 纠正一点 翡翠目前没有合成的，没可能！
人造钻石其实出现几十年了，但成本降不下来，所以市场上不多见。红蓝宝石市场上现在已经有很多人工合成的产品了。宝石其实是很容易人工合成的（钻石也属于宝石），因为是单晶矿物。玉石不行，多晶质矿物。
目前翡翠作假的手段是优化，而不是再造。也就是说所谓的翡翠B货，使用的还是翡翠原料，只是料不好，不透明，然后使用强酸强碱洗，把部分翡翠洗掉，然后注胶，把洗掉的部分使用透明的环氧树脂补起来，看起来就晶莹透亮了，来提高美观。
- 复 纠正一点
家园 哪有这么多不可能的事情 多晶又怎么了？你不知道有合成，不过是这东西热起来比较晚，合成的水平还不够罢了。别把玉石看得这么神秘。
有兴趣自己去查微晶玻璃制备工艺。下面是一篇文章的摘要。
翡翠仿制品——微晶玻璃的制备工艺初探采用糊状烧结法和非均匀混合烧结法制备了微晶玻璃仿花青或白地青翡翠,并对该实验获得的样品进行了X射线粉末衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,重点利用偏光显微镜研究了不同晶化温度和时间对样品结构的影响。实验及分析结果表明:微晶玻璃样品的最佳晶化温度为1 130℃,最佳晶化时间为60 min;主晶相为硅灰石;随着晶化温度的提高和晶化时间的增加,晶体的数量增多,透明度有所降低,晶体形态均呈放射状不规则分布;加入少量的PbO,对样品的RI和相对密度影响较小,加入Lu2O3可提高样品的相对密度,使之更接近于翡翠的。