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ra·tion·al

Audio pronunciation of "rational" ( P ) Pronunciation Key (rsh-nl)

adj.

1. Having or exercising the ability to reason.

2. Of sound mind; sane.

3. Consistent with or based on reason; logical: rational behavior. See Synonyms at logical.

4. Mathematics. Capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers.

n. Mathematics

A rational number.

[Middle English racional, from Old French racionel, from Latin ratinlis, from rati, ratin-, reason. See reason.]

Source: The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company.

Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

ra·tion·al (rsh-nl)

adj.

1. Having or exercising the ability to reason.

2. Influenced by reasoning rather than by emotion.

3. Of sound mind; sane.

4. Based on scientific knowledge or theory rather than practical observation.

Source: The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary

Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

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Main Entry: ra·tio·nal

Pronunciation: 'ra-sh&-n&l

Function: adjective

1 : having reason or understanding

2 : relating to, based on, or guided by reason, principle, fairness, logic, a legitimate state interest, or a consideration of fact <age distinctions are not subject to strict scrutiny, but they must have a rational relationship to a legitimate state interest —In re J. M., 642 Atlantic Reporter, Second Series 1062 (1994)> —ra·tio·nal·i·ty /"ra-sh&-'na-l&-tE/ noun —ra·tio·nal·ly adverb

Source: Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law, &#169; 1996 Merriam-Webster, Inc.

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Main Entry: ra·tio·nal

Pronunciation: 'rash-n&l, -&n-&l

Function: adjective

1 a : having reason or understanding b : relating to, based on, or agreeable to reason <a rational explanation> <rational behavior>

2 : using medical treatments based on reason or general principles —used especially of an ancient school of physicians; —compare EMPIRICAL 1a —ra·tio·nal·ly /-E/ adverb

Source: Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary, &#169; 2002 Merriam-Webster, Inc.

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rational

adj 1: consistent with or based on or using reason; "rational behavior"; "a process of rational inference"; "rational thought" [ant: irrational] 2: of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind; "intellectual problems"; "the triumph of the rational over the animal side of man" [syn: intellectual, noetic] 3: capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers; "rational numbers" [ant: irrational] 4: having its source in or being guided by the intellect (distinguished from experience or emotion); "a rational analysis"

Source: WordNet &#174; 2.0, &#169; 2003 Princeton University

从以上各个词典解释来看， “having reason or understanding ”才是rational的本来意思，也是黑格尔本来要表达的意思吧。。。。这个意思翻译成中文，应该作为“有理由的，有原因的”，而不是“合理的”。“合理”通常会被认为是“正当的”，但“有理由的”里面这个“理由”未必就是“正当的”。我是这么理解的。。。。。

我好象是可以回你的帖子了。。。

阿泰所说的大部分我也同意，我只是觉得说牛顿定律和相对论不矛盾的说法，从逻辑的前提上来讲有一点问题。就是说，有些事情作比较，需要前提和范围有所取舍，这样才会比较公平。就象比武一样，都得用拳脚，你用枪上了，就不公平了。。。（汗，考虑到这是武术体育版，怎么着都得把武术扯上点关系。。。）

所以你前面所说的那几段大圈圈小圈圈的话，其实是和我的意思一样的，不是么？

其次，“存在就是合理”的命题来源虽然是黑格尔，但因为翻译的缘故，又因为我一直没看到过德语原版和英文翻译版本，过去看的也都是字面上的意思，就当成经典了，后来才发现事实上，“存在就是合理”的成立是有条件的。这句话本身也是经过翻译简短后留下来的，原话的大意我见过的就有好几个版本，最常见的是这两种，一为是“凡是存在的就是合理的，也是必将灭亡的”，其二为“凡是现实的就是合理的，凡是合理的就是现实的”。黑格尔是唯心主义的，但他的辩证方法是有用的。这也就是说，黑格尔所说的这个“合理”，我的理解是，这个“理”应该是“客观原因”的意思，而不是“有道理，合乎伦理”的意思。

所以，我对阿泰在原文最后竟然引用这句形而上学的话来结论唯心唯物的话题，从偏向性上有点疑问。对其他部分没意见。。。

呵呵。