主题：【原创】德意日三国同盟缔结前后日方经纬简介 -- 电子赵括

由於日本決定襲擊美國以祈取得先手。在珍珠港前，與德意進行了頻密的外交探討。最終達致修定三國同盟，向戰爭一方傾斜。這一系列的外交商討，由於日本的外交密電被英美攻破，致使軸心國間的意圖第一時間被英美兩方知悉。（注：協議及有關資料是依據英國所破譯日方東京及柏林間的密電為準。有關日期時間，依從發出密電那方為準，如下述第一條，是東京11月24日，第二條是柏林11月28日，如是類推。）

在41年11月24日，當決定突襲珍珠港後，日本外交部已要求駐德意領事預備接觸德意領導，以便摸底。

在11月28日晚上十時，里賓特洛甫約見了日方大使（由於德國當天日間冗長的會議，所以約會才延至晚上十時）。在會面中，德方亦向日方摸底。但日方大使明顯感覺德方對美的態度轉強。除了提及對蘇及對英翌年的作戰部署外，里賓特洛甫告訴日方，如日本與美國發生戰爭，德國會參戰。希特拉絕無意單方面與英國談和。

在11月30日的密電，東京要求駐德意的領事，安排與德意領導會面，傳達戰爭一觸即發的情況。….it is greatly to be feared that an armed collision will occur and we shall find ourselves in a state of war with Britain and America. You should add that this may happen sooner than is expected.

在12月3日，駐意領事呈報了與墨索里尼當天會面的經過。墨索里尼答應當戰爭發生後，意大利會參戰並全力相助。即盡力將英國艦隊困於地中海。在5日，在與齊阿洛會面後，駐意大使的密電提及三國聯盟德意兩方同意的草本。並說如日方亦認同的話，這份草議可隨時落實。

12月5日駐德大使的密電，有新三國同盟的德方草議本，其內容是：

1 如日本與美國發生戰爭，德意亦將參予。並會全力作戰。

Should a state of war arise between Japan and the United States, Germany and Italy for their part shall also consider themselves to be at war with the United States, and shall conduct this war with all the armed forces at her disposal.

2 根據第一條，當德意日與美國發生戰爭，三國間任何一方不得與美國獨自和談。如日方與英方開戰的話，三國亦負上相同的責任。

Germany, Italy and Japan bind themselves in the event of a war waged jointly by the Three Powers against the United States according to Article (1) of this Treaty, not to conclude any armistice or peace with the United States without full mutual agreement.

They undertake a similar obligation regarding an armistice or peace with England, should a state of war arise between Japan and England.

3 三國政府都認同將協議保持為三國間的最高機密。唯當三國依據上述第二款與英美或他們任何一方作戰時，將會以另行形式作出公告。

The three Governments are in full agreement that this agreement shall be kept most strictly secret. They shall, however, announce in a form yet to be decided, the undertakings assumed in Article (2), as soon as Germany, Italy and Japan find themselves jointly at war with the United States or with England or with both these Powers.

4 當這協議簽署後，即時落實。期限將依循40年9同27日的三國同盟。

This agreement comes into force immediately on signature and remains in force as long as the Three Powers Pact concluded on 27th September 1940.

由於戰爭迫在目前，東京外交部在12月7日答覆駐德領事，確認德方的草議本。並要求領事面見里賓特洛甫，要求德方承諾，就算正式協議尚未及簽定而日方已與美方開火，德意將立即參戰。

當天柏林時間晚上十一時，駐德領事得知美日在珍珠港開火。他即時聯絡里賓特洛甫。里賓特洛甫的答覆是雖然他並不能即時知道元首的意向。但據他的理解，德意將會依從秘密協議參戰。里賓特洛甫亦會聯絡齊阿洛，告知齊德國的意向。

12月8日駐德領事與里賓特洛甫及有關人員，敲定協議內容。內容如下：

1 日德意三方會全力與英美作戰直至獲得最終勝利。

Japan, Germany and Italy will conjointly prosecute the war forced upon them by the United States and the British Empire with all the means at their disposal until victory is attained.

2 在未取得一致同意前，三國間絕不會單獨與英美和談。

Japan, Germany and Italy, except by mutual consent, undertake not to conclude a separate armistice and/or peace with the United States and the British Empire or with either of them.

3 在獲取勝利後，三國會密切合作規劃公平的新秩序。

Japan, Germany and Italy, after victory is attained, will cooperate closely in the establishment of an equitable New Order

4 這協議在簽署時即時生效。

This agreement will come into force simultaneously with its signature.

在正式簽署前，還有些細微的更改。手頭上的最後版本是如此的：

In the inflexible resolve not to lay down their arms till the joint war against the United States and England has been successfully concluded, the Japanese, German and Italian Governments have jointly agreed as follows:

1 Japan, Germany and Italy will fight together with all the resources at their command until victory is achieved over the United States and England.

2 Japan, Germany and Italy undertake not to make a separate armistice or separate peace with the United States or England without full mutual understandings.

3 Japan, Germany and Italy will after the victorious conclusion of the war collaborate closely in establishing an equitable new Order in the spirit of the Three-Power Treaty signed on 27th September, 1940.

4 This pact shall come into force at the time of signature.