主题：宏观ICT的一点想法 -- 闻弦歌

Knowledge application

In the industrial society, most classic economics rely on the labour theory of value (“Labour theory of value” at wikipedia), which is a major pillar of traditional Marxian economics; in the post-industrial society (information society), knowledge theory of value have taken over as the magic stick and knowledge-intensive firms are emerging as the dominant driver of social evolution.

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Virtual products (like intellectual properties) or services allow various organizations as multiple agents to pass on business flows and add value to them. Reputation or favorable degree plays a key role in the co-competition in the value chain(Sheehan 2005). Notice that if there is no outstanding traditional advantage for any organization in the value chain, the determinant factor in profits repartition is public attention.

There are two apparent strategies – unbounded collaborations, and bounded collaborations, appearing in two distinct examples: web content aggregation and digital rights management –DRM (such as Apple Itune Store). Some people might argue that web content aggregators like Yahoo and Google play destructive roles and they are depriving the business profits from other co-competitors in the same value chain, and thus will eliminate the diversity of business participants in the global market and discourage the innovation initiatives. Meanwhile some others might argue that it is an unavoidable approach of revolution in chain value as the result of unbounded collaborations promoted by further knowledge commoditization (down to zero?). Controversial opinions have been talked about DRM (Free software foundation suggest to use digital restrictions management as a better term), the opposite strategy side of web content aggregation.

IT professionals have to take care of the context of client's organization in business value, and be aware that the customized knowledge application must be in accordance with the coherent nature of collaborations within organization and across organization.