主题：【原创】伊朗猜想（八卦） -- 泉畔人家
- 复 老大，能否贴全？
家园 摇头，说了是纲要了，没多少内容 全文
XLVI. The Parthian War
III, 11 While in the north the Roman people by the hand of Caesar were conquering the Gauls, in the east they received a serious blow from the Parthians. Nor can we complain of fortune; for it was a disaster which admitted of no consolation. 2 Both gods and men were defied by the avarice of the consul Crassus, in coveting the gold of Parthia, and its punishment was the slaughter of eleven legions p211and the loss of his own life. 3 For Metellus, the tribune of the people, had called down terrible curses on the general as he was leaving Rome; and after the army had passed Zeugma, the Euphrates swallowed up the standards, which were swept away by its swirling eddies; 4 and when Crassus had pitched his camp at Nicephorium, ambassadors arrived from King Orodes with a message bidding him remember the treaties made with Pompeius and Sulla. 5 Crassus, who coveted the royal treasures, answered not a word that had any semblance of justice, but merely said that he would give his reply at Seleucia. 6 The gods, therefore, who punish those who violate treaties, did not fail to support either the craft or the valour of our enemies. In the first place, Crassus deserted the Euphrates, which provided the sole means of transporting his supplies and protecting his rear, trusting to the advice of a pretended deserter, a certain Syrian named Mazaras. 7 Next, again under the same guidance, the army was conducted into the midst of vast plains, to be exposed to enemy attacks from every side. 8 And so he had scarcely reached Carrhae, when the king's generals, Silaces and Surenas, displayed all around him their standards fluttering with gold and silken pennons; then without delay the cavalry, pouring round on all sides, showered their weapons as thick as hail or rain upon them. Thus the army was destroyed in lamentable slaughter. 9 The consul himself, invited to a parley, would on a given signal have fallen alive into the hands of the enemy, had not the barbarians, owing to the resistance of the tribunes, used their swords to prevent his escape.1 10 The general's son they overwhelmed p213with missiles almost within his father's sight. The remnants of the unhappy army, scattered wherever their flight took them, through Armenia, Cilicia and Syria, scarcely even brought back the news of the disaster. The head of Crassus was cut off and with his right hand was taken back to the king and treated with mockery which was not undeserved; for molten gold was poured into his gaping mouth, so that the dead and bloodless flesh of one whose heart had burned with lust for gold was itself burnt with gold.
- 复 老大，能否贴全？
家园 Lucius Anneus Florus的原文全文 http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Florus/Epitome/1M*.html#XLVI
http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Florus/Epitome/home.html
家园 这里说是三万六千人 http://warstudy.com/theory/modern/art_war_western/001.xml#a13
罗马军队大约有36000人，其中包括4000名骑兵和4000名轻型步兵。
家园 列举的数据不是古史资料，是西方学者挑出的最政治正确的数据 你链接的数据已经是西方学者通过古史资料，
自己修整过的，
不是最原始的数据。
近代的西方学者，
是最讲究政治正确，文化正确的。
古史的数据，
他们是进行选择性修整的。
3个古史数据，
阿庇安的10万人，
弗罗鲁斯的11个（还是13个）军团，至少6.6万人，
普鲁塔克7个军团，4000轻步兵，4000骑兵。
西方学者专门挑了一个最小的，普鲁塔克的数据。
而且好多西方学者还特地指出，
还得扣除驻军8000人，
卡莱战场上罗马军不足4万。
到了赫赫有名的Dodge，
更是登峰造极，
连普鲁塔克的数据都不承认，
大笔一挥，
直接把罗马军在箭雨中损失近万人改成200人。
果然，历史学是为政治服务的。
对他们来说，
罗马的失败是不可容忍的。
家园 好象不太可能是汉军顾问团在帮忙 http://rtw.heavengames.com/history/battles/the_battle_of_carrhae/index.shtml
In the aftermath of the retreat, 4000 wounded legionnaires would be put to death. The Parthians managed to catch another 4 cohorts that had gotten lost, and killed all but 30 of them that showed remarkable courage. The remaining Romans reached Zeugma, but another Parthian spy convinced Crassus to flee the city with his men and head into an area of "safety". This area was in fact a large bowl shaped valley that proved inescapable for the Romans and the Parthian army arrived just as they realized they were trapped once again. The Parthians offered to discuss peace, but only if Crassus himself would attend the meeting. Although initially resistant, the remaining legionnaires threatened to kill him themselves, and Crassus relented. This "peace" meeting was nothing but a third trap. Crassus and his council were seized and killed. He head was severed and sent to King Orodes II.
In the aftermath, 20000 Roman legionnaires had been slain, and another 10000 captured. Cassius had managed to lead 6000 of the Romans to safety. The 10000 prisoners were sent to the Parthian region of Sogdia in far eastern Parthia. It is rumored that when the Han Chinese captured this area in 36 BC, they might have actually fought the remnants of these prisoners. Taken from Chinese reports of the conflict are tales that their enemies formed a shell with their shields that proved effective against the Chinese arrows. This formation sounds remarkably like a testudo.
The only positive thing to come from the battle, were tales. Tales of bright, flowing cloth that dazzled in the sunlight as gold. It was silk, and this battle led the European nations to prize the fabric. This battle led to the establishing of the Silk Road and caused the start of Europeaninterest in the Far East.
家园 最好那一段谣传就是指陈汤所遇的鱼鳞阵 是在BC36年，陈汤在郅支城遇到“步兵百余人，夹门鱼鳞阵，讲习用兵”。就这一句，然后就讲如何跟匈奴骑兵较量了。纯粹好奇而已，更没说这百余步兵的长相不一样。
你引用的东西加了太多汉书没有的内容，像这段
Taken from Chinese reports of the conflict are tales that their enemies formed a shell with their shields that proved effective against the Chinese arrows.真是很搞笑，引用一段汉书的内容吧
明 日 ， 前 至 郅 支 城 都 賴 水 上 ， 離 城 三 里 ， 止 營 傅 陳 ．望 見 單 于 城 上 立 五 采 幡 織 ，數 百 人 披 甲 乘 城 ，又 出 百 餘 騎 往 來 馳 城 下 ， 步 兵 百 餘 人 夾 門 魚 鱗 陳 ，講 習 用 兵 ． 城 上 人 更 招 漢 軍 曰 「 來 ！ 」百 餘 騎 馳 赴 營 ， 營 皆 張 弩 持 滿 指 之 ， 騎 引 卻 ． 頗 遣 吏 士 射 城 門 騎 步 兵 ， 騎 步 兵 皆 入 ． 延 壽 ﹑ 湯 令 軍 聞 鼓 音 皆 薄 城 下 ，四 面 圍 城 ， 各 有 所 守 ， 穿 塹 ， 塞 門 戶 ， 鹵 楯 為 前 ， 戟 弩 為 後 ， 卬 射 城 中 樓 上 人 ，樓 上 人 下 走 ． 土 城 外 有 重 木 城 ， 從 木 城 中 射 ， 頗 殺 傷 外 人 ． 外 人 發 薪 燒 木 城 ． 夜 ， 數 百 騎 欲 出 外 ， 迎 射 殺 之家园 其实内容关系不大。 其实内容关系不大。一个二十年后发生的故事记载了，但是二十年前的木记载。而且二十年前的形势更危险呀。陈糖用兵不少了，木理由二十年前用的兵更少。另外，汉对罗马用兵意味着什么？说明汉明白在匈奴以外，还有个更强大的敌人。但是为什么以后都木有对这个更危险的敌人有半点动作呢？汉的防御完全是针对匈奴的呢？（看陈堂的军事行动）
家园 很高兴你能从证据上承认事实 在国外就是比在国内方便~```
卡莱之战对我来说其实没有什么太大的诱惑力，所以我个人比较懒，实在不想去翻书
但对于你的态度，还是要鲜花尊敬之~````