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主题:【原创】是我太乐观,还是社会太悲观 -- 月色溶溶

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                • 家园 在一个封闭体系中,群体中的每个人都提高自己的努力程度

                  并不能改善自己的处境。这点是有定论的。现在中国虽然不是处于封闭体系,但在贸易保护主义必然愈演愈烈的情况下,其实也可以等同视之。在这种情况下,对别人说提高努力程度就可以改善自己的处境就有点搞笑了。这和前两年说大力发展房地产就是好有同性质的感觉。

                  • 家园 也就是说,物质生产效率是无关紧要的事?
                  • 家园 你这是在偷换概念。

                      中国即使被完全贸易封锁也不是封闭体系,否则中国从四九年到七十年代末的发展是从哪来的?全是苏联援助的?

                  • 家园 嗯,连努力也是搞笑,这真是一件很搞笑的事情。
                    • 家园 所有人同时提高自己努力程度的时候就是这样。

                      就像农民同时获得丰收但是却收入下降一样,看似不可思议但却是真实。

                      通宝推:十万朵莲花,
                      • 家园 是的,多收了三五斗啊

                        所以说创造机会均等的条件很重要

                        有时候想想80年代的事情,感觉这个世界真是丰富多彩的。

                        那时节全国都在打击投机倒把、打击盲流,怎么浙商就起来了呢?

                        记得80年代中期有段时间乡镇企业在全国也是遍地开花,皮鞋厂、五金厂、食品厂也是很多村庄都有,为什么就浙江人越搞越好,而其他地方的厂子却接二连三地关门呢?

                      • 家园 路见不平也来吼两声

                        封闭体系这种抽象简陋的概念适用范围很窄的,wolfgan兄似乎有意想欺负小姑娘了,哈哈。

                        同时获得丰收但是却收入下降的内在原因是: 由于供应增加导致供过于求, 才引起劳动收入的价格下降, 但是只要往后多看一点时间,除非假设所有的农民永远只知道种田这种极端的条件(即所谓的封闭体系)能够成立,否则农民同时提高努力程度同农产品供应增加本身是没有必然的联系的。

                        应该相信再笨的农民也知道人往高处走的,例如次年,这些农民肯定会有更多的人往其他方面去努力,而且更大的可能是更努力,例如进小县城去开店创业, 另外坚守田地的农民在收入下降之后通常付出更多的劳动, 最终这些农民继续更加努力的结果是导致收入下降还是增加呢?

                        再假设他们真的听信了"封闭体系"理论,一起不努力了,收入真的不受影响吗?特别是同上面一起继续更加努力的情况来比?

                        • 家园 问题是你我的假设在现实中都是不存在的。

                          我所假设的所有人同时提高自己的努力程度不可能存在,另外一种假设其他人都没有提高自己的努力程度只有一个人提高自己的努力程度也是不可能存在的。现实中如果别人提高努力程度了而你不提高努力程度你肯定会受影响,所以现实中作为个人肯定要提高自己的努力程度。但是如果这种努力是在一个过度竞争的条件下,最后的结果是所有人的处境会变得更加糟糕。

                          事实是,作为一个社会整体,其成员的整体处境和其成员的整体努力程度关系不大,而主要是和这个社会的制度设计和运行规则有关。所以那种只要努力就能改变自己处境的说法是不正确的,可以说是一种美好的愿望,也可以说是洗脑。

                          通宝推:我看看,
                          • 家园 key point

                            事实是,作为一个社会整体,其成员的整体处境和其成员的整体努力程度关系不大,而主要是和这个社会的制度设计和运行规则有关。所以那种只要努力就能改变自己处境的说法是不正确的,可以说是一种美好的愿望,也可以说是洗脑。

                            --when one is in States, one can easily understand that point.

                            Output is an function of labor input, capital input, managerial input and political infrastructure. Developed nations excel on the last 3 and most Asians excel ONLY on the first one.

                            When one is old enough, he or she can easily understand 作为一个社会整体,其成员的整体处境和其成员的整体努力程度关系不大,That's why Asia as a whole still lag behind US and Europe.

                            The terrible thing about America is that US excel on all 4 dimensions. Some Chinese still believe that Americans are lazy than them...hehe. What they see are the low-class labor, not the elite group in the professional industries.

                            • 家园 体制从来不是设计出来的,而是调整出来的。

                              另外,如果说作为一个整体,我们可以把中国看成若干个部分组成,其实,体制和制度都差不多,问题是,就社会发展现状看,江浙优于福建,也优于环渤海。这和人群的文化以及努力程度有必然的关系,因为制度的调整和修正以及生存环境的改变和其主体的积极程度密切相关。

                              我曾经帮陕西的一个村子联系了一个集体到江浙打工的项目,因为看我老爹的面子,他们给了不错的薪水。但是约3个月后,这些人几乎是集体逃亡回陕西老家,原因无它,只是不想受辛苦。所以,即使有同样的制度,努力与否,至关重要。

                              说到美国人的勤勉,这倒是真的,对于那些有野心有很多物质追求的人,美国确实给你机会,你可以努力去争取,但社会结构越发稳定,这样的机会并不是总有。精英阶层的收入很高,实际上就意味着劳动强度很大。但这也并非总是如此。比如投行,这个圈子里,有每天只睡3个小时的,也有每天9点才上班,5点就走人的。但作为总体,他们收入非常高,投行利用其控制的资源,获得了超越其劳动强度的受益,这大概就是为什么mba的毕业生,第一选择是ib。这其实也能解释老兄所说的欧洲和北美为什么比亚洲和拉美优越。简单说,他们控制着这个世界,获得了类似国内中移动的超额利润。

                              说到体制,东亚(日韩)的体制和东南亚的体制并无太多不同,但差异巨大。不得不说,一个国家的社会发展程度与文化和努力程度密切相关。

                              • 家园 As to the high-income IB job

                                Actually, their base salary is not much. Entry level, around 70k in NY, manager level's base pay is higher, around 20k to 30k, but most of their compensation comes from annual bonus--this compensation structure creates very dangerous incentive for them to do things that might harm clients as well as the general public.

                                BTW, their annual compensation is much more volatile compared with the pay of other people in the public sector. Recession risk and layoff risk are much higher than jobs in many other industries. There is also no union there to help you out. In terms of IQ and EQ, I have to admit that people work in the hedge fund/IB/PE funds are really really smart. This is an observation based on my friends and my former students. Banks get the top cream of my students.

                                In sum, risk, IQ/skill superiority partially explains the high pay. BTW, your family background and family connections also helps, esp., in Toronto, not that much in NY.

                                为什么mba的毕业生,第一选择是ib。--most of them never get in the door. MBA does not translate into the offer.

                                On the other side, 但作为总体,他们收入非常高,投行利用其控制的资源,获得了超越其劳动强度的受益,--I fully agree with you. I am a big supporter of the Volcker's rules. It is time to contain the financial service industry before its greed consumes the whole society.

                                简单说,他们控制着这个世界,获得了类似国内中移动的超额利润。

                                --I agree. While, before 1600, no nation in this world had such a global advantage. They fought hard to gain that. Developed nations(actually only Britain and US) established the global trading/financial order and the framework does help them. 那是因為人家祖宗積德, 精英階層勇于科技創新 or 對外爭奪資源以服務自身需要以及本國貧民o 擴張法帝國與英帝國時二國貴族皆沖鋒在前線,為本國國民爭奪到了優越的生存條件的. 人家老祖宗浴血拼來的地位憑什么要跟不付出努力的后來者分享?

                                You know I have little respect for China's political or economic elites.

                                On the international economic or political arena, China elites lacked all kinds of skills and sometimes embarrassingly unpresentable. Xu Wenyin is just top of the iceberg (There are other examples associated with senior diplomats). If she never goes to States, we will never know how incompetent she is. That can partially be attributed to the cronyism back in China.

                                When cronyism meets meritcracy on the global arena, the humiliation is really unforgetable.

                                Therefore, there is only one way to get rich for them: rip off the poor working class of their compatriots and sweat shop is just one example. There is no voting system to constrain their abuse.

                                In the history of Britain, US, Italy..., they all had sweat shop period. But the political pressure finally pushed up the labor treatment and labor protection. In China, the elites have addicted to the current status quo.

                                说到体制,东亚(日韩)的体制和东南亚的体制并无太多不同,但差异巨大。不得不说,一个国家的社会发展程度与文化和努力程度密切相关。

                                --Yes, you talk about results under an open system where there is free trade, global investment and capital flow. This is the Anglo-Saxon-American order we live in since 1800.

                                --When each nation lives as a close society with little international interaction, Wolfgan(another guy on ccthere) is right--more labor effort does not translate into economic progress, because capital is limited. Koreans, Chinese and Japanese were actually more hardworking before their door were smashed open in 1840s. But they were not well-off before that.

                                A pleasure to chat with you.

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