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Sir Lamorak is a Knight of the Round Table in Arthurian legend. He was the son of King Pellinore and the brother of Tor, Aglovale, Percival, the Grail maiden Dindrane and sometimes others. He makes his first appearance in the Prose Tristan, and shows up in later works like the Post-Vulgate Cycle and Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur.

Lamorak's father Pellinore was one of King Arthur's earliest allies, but he thrusts his family into a bloodfeud when he kills King Lot of Lothian in a battle. Ten years later Lot's sons Gawain and Gaheris avenge their father's death by slaying Pellinore in a duel. Lamorak grows up to join the Round Table, and despite the enmity between the two families, [SIZE=3]he begins an affair with Lot's widow Morgause.[/SIZE] Gaheris catches the lovers together while Morgause is staying at Gawain's estate, and he promptly beheads her (In some versions, it is Agravaine who kills his mother, not Gaheris). He lets the unarmed Lamorak go, and the latter goes on the lam. He reappears at a tournament and explains the situation to Arthur, but refuses the king's promise of a truce. When he rides off he is ambushed by Gawain, Gaheris, Agravaine, and Mordred; Mordred delivers the blow that kills him. A cousin of Lamorak's, Sir Pinel le Savage, attempts to avenge his death by poisoning Gawain at Guinevere's dinner party, but the poison is accidentally taken by another knight, whose kinsman blames the queen and tries to have her executed.

Lamorak was known for his strength and fiery temper, and fought off thirty knights on at least two occasions. Some sources refer to him as Arthur's third best knight, behind only Lancelot and Tristan, but he was not exceptionally popular in the romance tradition, confined to the cyclical material, subordinate to more major characters.

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Percival or Perceval is one of King Arthur's legendary Knights of the Round Table. In Welsh literature his name is Peredur (see the Peredur article for the historical figure). He is most famous for his involvement in the quest for the Holy Grail.

There are many versions of Percival's birth. In most accounts he is of noble birth; his father is either King Pellinore or another worthy knight. His mother is usually unnamed but plays a significant role in the stories. His sister is the bearer of the Holy Grail, she is sometimes named Dindrane. In tales where he is Pellinore's son his brothers are Sir Tor, Sir Aglovale, Sir Lamorak, and Sir Dornar.

After the death of his father, Percival's mother takes him to the Welsh forests where she raises him ignorant to the ways of men until the age of 15. Eventually, however, a group of knights passes through his wood, and Percival is stricken with their heroic appearance. Wanting to be a knight himself, the boy travels to King Arthur's court, and after proving his worthiness as a warrior he is knighted and invited to join the Knights of the Round Table.

Even in the earliest stories he is connected to the Grail Quest. In Chrétien de Troyes' Perceval, le Conte du Graal, he meets the crippled Fisher King and sees the Holy Grail, but he fails to ask the question that would heal the injured monarch. Upon learning of his mistake he vows to find the Grail castle again and fulfill his quest.

In later accounts, the true Grail hero is Galahad, Lancelot's son. But though his role in the romances had been diminished, Percival remained a major character and was one of only two knights (the other was Sir Bors) who accompanied Galahad to the Grail castle and completed the quest with him.

In early versions, Percival's sweetheart was Blanchefleur and he became the King of Carbonek after healing the Fisher King, but in later versions he was a virgin who died after achieving the Grail. In Wolfram's version, Percival's son is Lohengrin, the Knight of the Swan.

In modern times his story has been used in such varied retellings as T.S. Eliot's modernist poem The Waste Land, Richard Wagner's opera Parsifal, John Boorman's Excalibur and the novel and film The Natural.

While some scholars once believed that Percival, along with the legend of the Holy Grail, was of Persian origin, those theories have been rejected by the weight of scholarly opinion. In that legend, as described in the Fargads of the Vendidad (see Avesta) and later, in verse, in the Shahnameh, Jamshid had a magical seven-ringed cup filled with the elixir of immortality. The cup was said to be in (the hands of) the Parsi-Var, or Var of the Persians, thus giving rise to the speculation that the character of Percival was derived from this legend.

Chrétien wrote the first story of Percival; Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival, Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, and the theoretical Perceval of Robert de Boron are other famous accounts of his adventures.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(French: Bohort) is the name of two knights in Arthurian Legend, one the father and one the son. Bors the Elder is the King of Gaunnes or Gaul during the early period of King Arthur's reign, and is the brother of King Ban of Benoic. Bors the Younger later becomes one of the best Knights of the Round Table, and even achieves the Holy Grail.

King Bors the Elder

As the brother of Ban, King Bors is the uncle of Lancelot and Hector de Maris. He marries Evaine, the sister of Ban's wife Elaine, and has two sons, Bors the Younger and Lionel. Ban and Bors become Arthur's early allies in his fight against eleven rebel kings in Britain, including Lot, Urien, and Caradoc, and he vows to help them against their enemy Claudas, who has been threatening their lands. Arthur is late on his promise, however, and Claudas succeeds in his invasion, resulting in the death of both kings. Ban's son Lancelot is taken by the Lady of the Lake, but Bors' children are raised in captivity by Claudas' retainers.

Sir Bors the Younger

Sir Bors is younger and is better known throughout Arthurian studies. He and Lionel live for several years at Claudas' court, but they eventually rebel against him and even slay his cruel son Dorin. Before Claudas can retaliate, the boys are rescued by a servant of the Lady of the Lake, and are spirited off to be raised with their cousin Lancelot.

All three grow to be excellent knights and go to Camelot to join King Arthur's retinue. Bors is recognizable by a distinctive scar on his forehead, and participates in most of the king's conflicts, including the eventual battle with Claudas that liberates his father's lands. He becomes the father of Sir Elyan the White when the daughter of King Brandegoris tricks him into sleeping with her by way of a magic ring, he later introduces his son into the Round Table.

Bors chooses to save a maiden rather than his brother LionelBors is always portrayed as one of the Round Table's finest, but his real glory comes on the Grail Quest, where he proves himself worthy enough to witness the Grail's mysteries alongside Galahad and Percival. Several episodes display his virtuous character; in one, a lady approaches Bors vowing to commit suicide unless he sleeps with her. He refuses to break his vow of celibacy; the lady and her maidens threaten to throw themselves off the castle battlements. As the ladies jump off, they reveal themselves to be demons set on deceiving him by playing to his sense of compassion. In another, Bors faces a dilemma where he must choose between rescuing his brother Lionel, being whipped with thorns by villains in one direction, and saving a young girl who has been abducted by a rogue knight in the other. Bors chooses to help the maiden, but prays for his brother's safety. Lionel escapes his tormenters and tries to murder Bors, and Bors does not defend himself, refusing to raise a weapon at his kinsman. Fellow Knight of the Round Table Sir Calogrenant and a religious hermit try to intervene, but Lionel slays them both when they get in the way. Before he can kill his brother, however, God strikes him down with a column of fire which immobilizes him. Bors, Galahad, and Percival go on to achieve the Holy Grail and accompany it to Sarras, a mystical island in the Middle East. Both Galahad and Percival pass away while there, and Bors is the only one to return.

In Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, Sir Bors agrees to fight as Guinevere's champion when she is accused of poisoning a knight. Bors is reluctant, as her first choice, Lancelot, left Camelot because of Guinevere. He relents when Arthur sees Guinevere kneeling before him. He is about to joust for her sake when Lancelot arrives to take his place.

Like the rest of his family, Bors joins Lancelot in exile after his affair with Guinevere is exposed, and helps rescue the Queen from her execution at the stake. He becomes one of Lancelot's most trusted advisors in the ensuing war between Lancelot and Arthur, and becomes the ruler of Claudas' former lands. When Arthur and Gawain must return to Britain to fight the evil usurper Mordred, Gawain sends a letter to Lancelot asking for aid. Lancelot's men arrive to put down the remainder of the rebellion led by Mordred's sons Melehan and Melou; Lionel is killed by Melehan, and Bors avenges his death.

In T.H. White's The Once and Future King, Bors is described as a "misogynist" and an "almost-virgin", and generally something of a fool.

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