主题：【原创】Qantas的A380迫降影响深远 -- 晨枫
家园 彼得·德鲁克提过 要想赚大钱只有2个方法：垄断 或 降低成本。
降低成本是大家的共识……结果产品的品质只能走下坡路。
家园 据说是漏油---英国又一个BP http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Qantas-CEO-Oil-leaks-in-3-apf-3377272968.html?x=0&sec=topStories&pos=main&asset=&ccode=
SYDNEY (AP) -- Tests have uncovered oil leaks in three Rolls-Royce engines on Qantas' grounded Airbus A380s, the airline's CEO said Monday, as engineers tried to zero in on the cause of an engine failure on board one of the carrier's superjumbo jets last week.
Australia's national carrier grounded its six double-decker A380s, the world's newest and largest airliner, after an engine burst minutes into a flight from Singapore to Sydney last week, scattering debris over Indonesia's Batam island. The plane made a safe emergency landing in Singapore.
Engineers conducted eight hours of extensive checks on each engine over the weekend.
On Monday, CEO Alan Joyce said engineers have discovered oil leaks in the turbine area of three engines on three different A380s.
"The oil leaks were beyond normal tolerances," Joyce told reporters. "So Rolls-Royce and our engineers have looked at what we have gathered as an accepted level and they have passed that threshold."
"All of these engines are new engines on a new aircraft type," he added. "The engines are not performing to the parameters that you would expect with this."
Because of that, he said, all of the airline's A380s will be grounded for at least an additional 72 hours.
"We are not going to take any risks whatsoever," Joyce said. "We want to make sure we have a 100 percent safe operation."
All three affected engines have been removed from the planes for further testing, and will be replaced with spare engines the airline has on hand, Joyce said.
"As a consequence, it's now narrowing our focus on that issue," he said.
Lufthansa and Singapore Airlines, the other airlines that fly A380s fitted with Rolls-Royce's Trent 900 engines, also briefly grounded their planes last week but resumed services after completing checks.
The Qantas engineers are working with Rolls-Royce, who manufactured and maintains the engines, as well as Airbus.
The Australian Transport Safety Bureau, which is leading an international investigation into the blowout on the A380, appealed for help from residents of Indonesia's Batam island to find a missing piece of a turbine disc.
The island was scattered with debris last Thursday when one of the A380's four engines failed minutes into a flight to Sydney, with 466 people aboard. The engine was quickly shut down and the plane returned to Singapore and safely made an emergency landing.
"The recovery of that disk could be crucial to a full understanding of the nature of the engine failure, and may have implications for the prevention of future similar occurrences," the bureau said in a statement.
It released a photograph of a jagged and bent piece of turbine disc from the Trent 900 engine and asked that anyone who might have found a similar piece should hand it to police.
It said one piece of the shattered engine that had been found on Batam was being sent to Britain for examination by Rolls-Royce engineers, under the supervision of bureau investigators. Extra experts were being sent from Australia to Singapore to examine other debris.
Rolls-Royce Group PLC, a London-based aerospace, power systems and defense company separate from the car manufacturer, has said the investigation is in its early stages and that it is too early to draw any conclusions.
John Goglia, a former National Transportation Safety Board member and an expert on aircraft maintenance, said the photo showing the broken turbine disc indicates it was the disc that may have failed. The photo didn't show any signs of discoloration on the disc that would indicate overheating.
There are several reasons why a disc might fail, but they usually involve the metal used to make the disc or the manufacturing method, Goglia said. He cautioned that he was looking at one photo, which was not enough information to make a definitive judgment.
Qantas passengers stranded by the grounding of the A380s are expected to be flown to their destinations within 24 hours, Joyce said. The airline is adding flights from London and Los Angeles to help clear the backlog.
Joyce would not specify how much the airline has lost since the engine explosion, nor would he comment on whether Qantas plans to seek compensation from Rolls-Royce.
"We are working with Airbus and Rolls-Royce to fix this issue -- that's our top priority and compensation talks will take place after the aircraft are back in the air," he said.
Shares in Rolls-Royce PLC slumped almost 12 percent to 576.5 pence ($9.32) in early trading Monday on the London Stock Exchange. They lost more than 5 percent last week after Thursday's in-flight incident.
家园 又一架澳航的波音747发动机故障返航新加坡 家园 不排除鸟撞 对比网上的t900剖面图，再参考事故图片，明显有烟从发动机前后段外壳的接缝处冒出，而且明显只有外涵被破坏，涡轮部分结构完整。说明故障很可能出在前面的压气机段。
所以不能排除鸟撞，风扇可能断了不止一片或者断成数段，一部分向后打坏了一些压气机叶片，以及后段外壳，另有高速碎片打穿了发动机的保护罩，并且打破了机翼前缘。
另外楼主说的20分钟，到底是起飞20分钟发生事故，还是20分钟已经落地了。如果是后者，再加上放油的时间。实际上等于起飞之后没几分钟就出了事故，鸟撞的可能性就更大。
- 复 不排除鸟撞
家园 已经排除了鸟撞 因为前面的风扇都没有破损。
估计是设计问题或者制造过程缺陷造成的。
- 复 不排除鸟撞
家园 应该是起飞后20分钟 应该已经升到高空，不像是鸟撞。
家园 好像是4分钟就出问题了 On Thursday, one of Qantas' six Airbus A380 superjumbo jets experienced a massive engine failure in one of its four Rolls-Royce Trent 900 engines about four minutes into a flight to Sydney and shed pieces of metal over Indonesia before returning to make a safe emergency landing at Singapore's airport.
家园 那就有可能是鸟撞了 不过现在的报导里没有提到鸟撞的因素。
家园 不是鸟撞 前面的风扇都没有损伤。
Another Rolls Royce engine, the Trent 1000, also experienced an uncontained engine failure during testing in August for use on Boeing's 787 "Dreamliner." Boeing temporarily stopped shipments of the engines from Rolls Royce, but the shipments have resumed, Boeing spokesman Jim Proulx said in an e-mail.
Trent 1000也发生过这样严重的问题，RR肯定早就内部知道问题了，看下面怎么解决了。
- 复 不排除鸟撞
家园 Qantas认为是发动机设计或材料故障 发动机在起飞4分钟之后就出问题了。但是Qantas认为是发动机设计或材料故障，如果是这样RR就惨了
"We believe this is probably most likely a material failure or some type of design issue," Qantas Chief Executive Officer Alan Joyce said at a news conference in Sydney. "We don't believe this is related to maintenance in any way." He said the engines had been maintained by Rolls-Royce since they were installed.
他们的股票已经跌了5%（10亿美元）
家园 风扇或者压气机叶盘碎了？ 那可有大热闹了。这还不得全球所有t900停飞啊。
家园 其它的两家已经恢复了 说是通过了检查：
All of the airlines temporarily grounded their A380s, but Lufthansa and Singapore Airlines resumed flying them Friday after they passed safety inspections.
不过，我很怀疑，如果是叶片的设计问题，或者某些制造问题，恐怕不是通过检查能够解决的。
现在来看，在问题调查清楚以前，坐这两家的380是有点冒险的。
家园 RR的复合材料一直不过关 所以这发动机使用的是钛合金的风扇叶片，很重，离心力大，叶片根部稍不注意就会应力集中，产生裂纹，断裂。不仅仅叶片了，叶片转盘的燕尾槽受力也很大。 包容环哪里能挡得住70-80%转速的钛合金风扇叶片的撞击。
这次如果是风扇叶片的事，应该是起飞90%以上转速的时候出现的裂纹，起飞后四分钟应该在爬升阶段80%左右转速的时候风扇叶片断了。
家园 根据澳大利亚记者的照片 A photo posted online by The Australian newspaper shows a turbine disc broken nearly in half, its blades missing. The location of the break appears to indicate it was the disc that failed, Goglia said. The photo also doesn't show signs of discoloration on the disc that would indicate overheating, he said.
真是非常严重的问题，估计要大部分A380要停飞相当时间。