主题：对《2022年美国竞争法案》的分析（四） -- 笑看风雨

International Security Matters

Additional Funding for International Military Education and Training in the Indo-Pacific

• Authorizes $225 million over five years for State Department international military education and training (IMET) assistance.

Statement of policy on maritime freedom of operations in the South China Sea.

• Expresses the sense of Congress that Congress condemns the use of force to impede freedom of navigation operations in the Indo-Pacific region and presents a statement of policy with respect to PRC claims in the South China Sea.

Report on Capability Development of Indo-Pacific Allies and Partners

• Expresses the sense of Congress that the Secretary of State should expand measures under the U.S. Conventional Arms Transfer Policy to provide capabilities to allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific region. Also requires a report from the Secretary of State on U.S. priorities for building more capable security partners in the Indo-Pacific.

国际安全事务

印太地区国际军事教育和培训的额外资金

• 在五年内授权 2.25 亿美元用于国务院国际军事教育和培训 (IMET) 援助。

南海海上行动自由政策声明。

• 表达国会的看法，即国会谴责使用武力阻碍印度-太平洋地区的航行自由行动，并就中国在南海的主张提出政策声明。

印太盟国和伙伴能力发展报告

• 表达国会的看法，即国务卿应扩大美国常规武器转让政策下的措施，为印太地区的盟国和合作伙伴提供能力。 还需要国务卿提交一份关于美国在印太地区建立更有能力的安全伙伴的优先事项的报告。

Multilateral Strategies to Bolster American Power

Support for Americans at the United Nations

• Authorizes the Secretary of State to establish an Office for American Citizens, which will advocate for the employment of U.S. citizens by all international organizations of which the U.S. is a member, coordinate the interagency support of non-American candidates for leadership roles when no American candidate has been nominated and when it is in the U.S. interest, and establish and implement a standard operating procedure for the promotion and efficient tracking of U.S. citizen employment at international organizations.

Junior Professional Officers

• Calls on the Secretary of State to increase the number of Junior Professional Officer positions sponsored by the U.S. within the UN system to compete with the PRC’s growing influence at the UN.

加强美国实力的多边战略

在联合国支持美国人

• 授权国务卿建立美国公民办公室，该办公室将倡导美国加入的所有国际组织雇用美国公民，并在没有美国人的情况下协调非美国候选人担任领导职务的机构间支持。 候选人已被提名且符合美国利益的情况，并建立和实施标准操作程序，以促进和有效跟踪美国公民在国际组织中的就业情况。

初级专业干事

• 呼吁国务卿增加美国在联合国系统内赞助的初级专业官员职位的数量，以与中国在联合国日益增长的影响力竞争。

Regional Strategies

Part 1 – Western Hemisphere

Strategy to Strengthen Economic Competitiveness, Governance, Human Rights, and the Rule of Law in Latin America and the Caribbean.

• The bill instructs the Secretary of State, in consultation with relevant agencies, to submit a multi-year strategy for increasing U.S. economic competitiveness and promoting good governance, human rights, and the rule of law in Latin American and Caribbean countries.

Caribbean Energy Initiative As Alternative to China’s Belt and Road Initiative

• Requires the Department of State in coordination with USAID to submit a multi-year strategy to Congress to promote regional cooperation with Caribbean countries for improving energy security, grid reliability, and energy efficiency, as well as reforming energy markets and investing in cleaner energy technologies.

U.S.-Caribbean Resilience Partnership

• Seeks to promote long-term resilience in the Caribbean to natural disasters, severe weather events, and a changing ocean environment by authorizing appropriations in support of the U.S. Caribbean Resilience Partnership.

Countering China’s Educational and Cultural Diplomacy in Latin America

• Directs the Secretary of State, acting through the Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs, to devise a strategy that evaluates and expands existing people-to-people programs and creates new exchanges and people-to-people programs that advance U.S. foreign policy goals and promote U.S. national security interests and values.

区域战略

第 1 部分 – 西半球

加强拉丁美洲和加勒比地区经济竞争力、治理、人权和法治的战略。

• 该法案指示国务卿与相关机构协商，提交一份多年战略，以提高美国的经济竞争力，促进拉丁美洲和加勒比国家的善政、人权和法治。

加勒比能源倡议作为中国“一带一路”倡议的替代方案

• 要求国务院与美国国际开发署协调，向国会提交一项多年战略，以促进与加勒比国家的区域合作，以提高能源安全、电网可靠性和能源效率，以及改革能源市场和投资于清洁能源技术.

美国-加勒比韧性伙伴关系

• 通过授权拨款支持美国加勒比韧性伙伴关系，寻求促进加勒比地区对自然灾害、恶劣天气事件和不断变化的海洋环境的长期恢复能力。

对抗中国在拉丁美洲的教育和文化外交

• 指示国务卿通过负责教育和文化事务的助理国务卿制定一项战略，评估和扩展现有的人文交流项目，并创建新的交流和人文交流项目，以推动美国对外交往政策目标和促进美国国家安全利益和价值观。

Part 2 – Transatlantic Relationships

Enhancing Transatlantic Cooperation on Promoting Private Sector Finance

Calls for the President to work with transatlantic development partners to foster private sector-led development and provide market-based alternatives to the PRC’s state-directed financing in emerging markets, particularly as it pertains to the Belt and Road Initiative.

Calls for a joint United States – European Union strategy to enhance cooperation with the OECD and Paris Club to ensure the highest possible standards on Belt and Road Initiative contracts with developing countries.

第 2 部分 – 跨大西洋关系

加强跨大西洋合作促进私营部门融资

呼吁总统与跨大西洋发展伙伴合作，促进私营部门主导的发展，并为中国在新兴市场的国家主导融资提供基于市场的替代方案，特别是在涉及“一带一路”倡议的情况下。

呼吁美国和欧盟采取联合战略，加强与经合组织和巴黎俱乐部的合作，以确保与发展中国家签订的“一带一路”倡议合同达到尽可能高的标准。

Part 3 – South and Central Asia

Indian Ocean region strategic review

• Directs the Secretary of State, in coordination with Defense and USAID, to develop a multi-year strategy for U.S. engagement in the Indian Ocean region, including describing challenges to U.S. interests in the region, efforts to improve cooperation in the Quad, efforts to support economic connectivity, proposed U.S. engagement in regional intergovernmental organizations and entities, an assessment of U.S. diplomatic presence and agreements in the region, and a security assistance strategy.

第 3 部分 – 南亚和中亚

印度洋地区战略审查

• 指示国务卿与国防部和美国国际开发署协调，制定美国参与印度洋地区的多年战略，包括描述美国在该地区的利益面临的挑战、改善四方合作的努力、支持经济连通性、建议美国参与地区政府间组织和实体、评估美国在该地区的外交存在和协议，以及安全援助战略。